Wiki / Mirrors / Convex mirror

Convex mirror

Diverges reflected rays with a paraxial focal-length model.

Open in the canvas →

Click the convex mirror to see its live specs and try its parameters — this mini canvas can't be moved, deleted, or added to.

In the real world

A convex (diverging) spherical mirror bulges toward the incoming light and spreads a reflected beam out rather than focusing it. It obeys the same mirror equation as a concave mirror, but with a negative focal length — object rays reflect as if diverging from a virtual focus behind the mirror, forming an upright, reduced virtual image. This is the geometry behind car passenger-side mirrors and wide-field security mirrors, both chosen for their expanded field of view rather than any focusing power.

f=R2<0,1f=1do+1dif = \frac{R}{2} < 0, \qquad \frac{1}{f} = \frac{1}{d_o} + \frac{1}{d_i}
Same mirror equation as the concave case, with f negative by convention.

In OpticalSetup

Identical implementation to the concave mirror — exact vector reflection off the drawn line, followed by the lens-style paraxial correction u' = u − h/f — just with a negative focal length, which is why the reflected beam here visibly spreads instead of converging.

Simplified vs. reality

Same caveat as the concave mirror: the curvature drawn in the icon is cosmetic, the correction is exact at every ray height (no spherical aberration), and there's no wavelength- or angle-dependent reflectivity.

Related components

Further reading